![]() ![]() Eleven review studies and meta-analyses were analysed to identify the effective characteristics of professional development programmes for science and technology education. Moreover, four particular professional development programmes were investigated to see whether they included these characteristics. In this qualitative study, effective characteristics that should be present in such programmes were identified. Therefore, professional development programmes are used to support teachers in this regard. However, for most teachers, it is challenging to provide this content. Science and technology education has become increasingly important. It is recommended that the science teachers must be actively involved in the designing and also for the implementation of any PD related activity. The finding revealed the significant role of science teachers in professional development. The teachers' perceived experiences which they gained from PD activities was the second theme, and cultural and contextual factor that communicate professional development experiences was the third theme. The sense making theme was related to the purpose of professional development with their understanding. After analysis of data, three main themes were generated. ![]() After this, thematic analysis and coding method was done. In-depth Semi-structured technique were used. ![]() Data was collected through five secondary school science teachers of Karachi by purposive sampling technique. And also to know the teachers' awareness for sense making, and then professional development opportunities to bring changes in their teaching methodology by implementing the knowledge which they gained from PD. ![]() This study was done to know that how secondary school teachers of science interprets the experiences which they gained from professional development (PD) in Karachi. ![]()
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